Understanding Trauma

Trauma is the aftermath of an event or set of circumstances that is physically, emotionally harmful, or life-threatening. It has lasting disruptive effects on an individual's everyday normal functioning.

The impact of trauma varies from person to person; some people may not be affected, while others may experience short-term or long-lasting effects.

In short trauma is like a wound or scar that is left behind from what was done to you.

Many Africans carry multiple traumas, but unfortunately, they do not have access to treatment or awareness to address these issues.

Types of Trauma

Acute trauma occurs after a one-time event, for example, a car accident.

Chronic trauma is a result of repeated or prolonged harmful events, for example, domestic abuse and continuous bullying.

Complex trauma is multiple/repeated traumatic events with no means of escape.

Adverse Childhood Experiences involve difficult childhood experiences and the witnessing of difficult incidents.

Secondary or Vicarious Trauma is the result of being exposed to other people’s trauma.

Three E's of Trauma

1. The event

Life-threatening events can encompass a range of situations, including car accidents, warfare, sexual and physical assault, or human trafficking. The image portrays a car severely damaged by a fallen tree, suggesting a potentially harrowing experience for anyone involved.

2. Experience

Experiencing trauma involves going through intense physical and emotional responses to life-threatening events, leaving individuals feeling a sense of helplessness and loss of control over their lives.

3. The effects

The aftermath of a traumatic event can have a profound impact on an individual's life. While some individuals may be able to overcome the trauma and carry on with their lives, others may struggle with conditions such as PTSD, anxiety, or depression.

Addictions

Depression

Anxiety Disorders

Understanding and awareness are key to gaining clarity. Recognising the nature of trauma and its manifestations empowers individuals to seek the support they need.

Trauma Responses

Trauma responses refer to the psychological, physical and emotional responses a person develops after a traumatic event. It could be an event they experienced or witnessed. These responses are survival responses, but remaining in these states for the longer term can lead to mental health issues.

Fight Response

The individual becomes aggressive and defensive. This response to trauma can involve anger, controlling behaviours, bullying, and narcissistic behaviours.

Flight

This individual escapes and avoids any conflict or threatening event. They are constantly anxious and hypervigilant and run from situations that trigger trauma.

Freeze

This individual becomes numb and unresponsive. They are emotionally detached and are disassociated from situations or relationships. They could be referred to as 'emotionally distant.'

Fawn

A trauma response involves appeasing the perceived threat whilst hurting or neglecting one's needs. This person will have no boundaries, become codependent, and a people pleaser.